Compound monograph
Kisspeptin-14
Kisspeptin-14 is a KISS1-derived peptide isolated from human placental extracts, containing kisspeptin-10 as its C-terminal decapeptide, and an agonist at the kisspeptin receptor.
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Identity & nomenclature
Kisspeptin-14 is a KISS1-derived peptide isolated from human placental extracts, containing kisspeptin-10 as its C-terminal decapeptide, and an agonist at the kisspeptin receptor.
A fourteen-residue kisspeptin was isolated from human placenta alongside the 54- and 13-residue forms. KP-14 contains the kisspeptin-10 sequence at its C terminus. Removing its initial aspartate gives the 13-residue sequence; removing DLPN gives the 10-residue sequence. These are different molecular forms even where receptor responses are similar.
Declared aliases and development codes: KP-14, Metastin(41-54).
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Molecular properties
| Molecular formula | C82H112N22O21 |
|---|---|
| Molecular mass | 1741.9 Da |
| CAS Registry Number | 374675-19-1 |
| PubChem CID | 171916517 |
| One-letter sequence | DLPNYNWNSFGLRF |
Fourteen residues with a C-terminal amide, free N-terminus, no cyclization or nonstandard residue. The final ten residues are the entire kisspeptin-10 sequence; the distinguishing part is the N-terminal DLPN.
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Structural characteristics
The 54-, 14- and 13-residue kisspeptins were isolated from human placenta together, share a common C-terminal RF-amide, and bound rat and human GPR54 with low nanomolar affinity. A cryo-EM structure of the receptor exists but was determined with kisspeptin-10; the shared C-terminal pharmacophore makes it useful context for this entry rather than evidence about how KP-14's four additional N-terminal residues behave when bound. Whether KP-14 is produced in vivo from a longer form, and by which enzyme, is not established, and shared sequence is not by itself evidence of a serial processing pathway.
Terminal features: C-terminal amide.
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Molecular targets & mechanisms
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Analytical considerations
Sequence coverage must span the DLPN extension, not only the shared ten-residue tail, or the result cannot distinguish KP-14 from KP-13 or KP-10. Asparagine deamidation and loss of the terminal amide each produce a change near 0.98 Da, so intact mass can detect that something happened but not where. A receptor response is useful functional evidence and identifies no particular chain length.
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Verified bibliography
- The metastasis suppressor gene KiSS-1 encodes kisspeptins, the natural ligands of the orphan G protein-coupled receptor GPR54.current
Kotani M, Detheux M, Vandenbogaerde A, Communi D, Vanderwinden JM, Le Poul E, Brézillon S, Tyldesley R, Suarez-Huerta N, Vandeput F, Blanpain C, Schiffmann SN, Vassart G, Parmentier M
The Journal of biological chemistry · 2001-07-16 · Journal Article
- Structural basis for hormone recognition and distinctive Gq protein coupling by the kisspeptin receptor.current
Shen S, Wang D, Liu H, He X, Cao Y, Chen J, Li S, Cheng X, Xu HE, Duan J
Cell reports · 2024-06-26 · Journal Article
- Coevolution of the spexin/galanin/kisspeptin family: Spexin activates galanin receptor type II and III.current
Kim DK, Yun S, Son GH, Hwang JI, Park CR, Kim JI, Kim K, Vaudry H, Seong JY
Endocrinology · 2014-02-11 · Journal Article
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Methodology & citation verification
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